The State of Arizona, USA relies on groundwater, surface water, and reclaimed water to support 7.5 million people and their economic activities. Groundwater use exceeds the rate of natural recharge, and the Colorado River system, which supplies about 40% of Arizona’s water needs, is stressed hydrologically and over-allocated. This presentation will address the complexities associated with meeting future water demands for this growing, semi-arid state, which is home to Phoenix, the fifth largest city in the United States. Decentralized water governance, coupled with a difficult-to-change system of water rights, makes adaptation to drier conditions and growing water demands quite challenging. The framework for underground storage and recovery has been important to preparing the state for Colorado River shortage conditions as well as facilitating water reclamation. While conservation practices and regulations are an important tool for balancing demand and supply, technological solutions are important to Arizona’s future. This policy-focused presentation will provide an overview of the current and potential solutions to some of the key challenges of the region and highlight the role of all water using sectors in solutions identification and implementation.