Christopher GEE is Deputy Director (Research) and Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Policy Studies, National University of Singapore. His core research interests are the policy implications and outcomes from Singapore’s demographic trends, with a specific emphasis on housing, healthcare and retirement adequacy, based on research on the generational economy through National Transfer Accounts and National Time Transfer Accounts frameworks. Chris is also part of a team at the institute embarking on a social impact and eco-system capacity building initiative in Singapore. This initiative aims to catalyse outcomes-based social programming through the establishment of connecting infrastructure to gather, distil and share evidence and insights of the changes resulting in desired social outcomes.

Research Interests

Policy implications and outcomes arising from Singapore’s demographic trends, in particular those aspects relating to housing,  healthcare and retirement adequacy

Publications

• Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2024). Asia Tax Observatory – A Regional Taxation Think-tank. Policy Brief No. 2/2024.
• Yap, J. H. & Gee, C. (2024). International Vertical Equity in Global — An Asian Perspective. IPS Working Papers No. 57.
• Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2024). Asia Voices: Perspectives on Tax Policy 2024. IPS Exchange No. 28.
• Gee, C. & Lim, G. (2024). Public Housing in Singapore: Four Principles for Public Deliberation. IPS Working Papers No. 53.
• Gee, C., Yap, J. H. & Cheow, J. J. (2024). Asia Voices: Perspectives on Tax Policy Seminar 2023 Proceedings. IPS Exchange Series No. 27.
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Gee, C., Tan, J., Koh, D., Lau, P. & Yap, J. H. (2024). Responses to Substance-Based Income Exclusion (SBIE). Policy Brief No. 1/2024.
Gee, C. & Choo, E. (2023). Age and education effects in Singapore’s demographic dividend 1970–2020, The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Volume 27, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2023.100482.
Gee, C., Yap, J. H., Choo, E. & Koh, G. (2023). Public Deliberation on Singapore’s Fiscal Policies and National Reserves. IPS Working Papers No. 51.
Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2023). Asia Voices: Perspectives on Tax Policy Seminar 1 Proceedings December 2022. IPS Exchange Series No. 25.
Wu, A., Koh, G., Gee, C., Lee, S., Lin, G., & Lim, G.(2022). NUS Research on Ageing-Related Policies (2022). IPS Working Papers No. 49.
Gee, C., Woo, J.J., Koh, D., Lau, P., Tan, J., Tang, S., Woo, C. & Andrew, M. (2022). Asia Voices: Perspectives on Tax Policy. IPS Exchange Series No.21.
Pawa, K., Gee, C. (2021). Taxation and Distributive Justice in Singapore. IPS Working Papers No.42.
Pawa, K., Gee, C. (2021). Public Debt Issuance Framework and Intergenerational Equity. Policy Brief No. 1/2021.

Pawa, K., Gee, C. (2021). Public Debt and Intergenerational Equity in Singapore. IPS Working Papers No.38.

Arivalagan, Y., Gee, C. (2019). Leaving Well End-of-Life Polices in Singapore. IPS Exchange Series No.13.

Gee, C., Huang, D. (2019). Reforming the Retirement and Re-Employment Act: Rename, Raise and Adjust to reflect Singaporeans’ Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy. IPS Policy Brief No. 2/2019

Huang, D., & Gee, C. (2019). Improving Retirement Adequacy by Restoring Older Worker CPF Rates. IPS Policy Brief No. 1/2019

Gee, C., & Fong, J. (2019). Income Security. In Phua, K.H., & Goh, L,G,, & Yap, M.T. (Eds.),  Ageing in Asia: Contemporary Trends and Policy Issues (pp. 203–218). Singapore: World Scientific.

Gee, C. (2019). More savings-investment options needed in Singapore’s retirement financing system. Nomura Journal of Asian Capital Markets Spring 2019.  Vol 3(2), pp 28-33.

Yap, M. T., & Gee, C. (2018). Fertility Preferences in Singapore. In Gietel-Basten, S., Casterline, J., & Choe, M.K. (Eds.), Family demography in Asia: A comparative analysis of fertility preferences (pp. 291–304). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Gee, C., Arivalagan, A., & Chao, F. (2018, Jan). Background paper for Singapore Perspectives 2018. Singapore: Institute of Policy Studies
Yap, M.T., & Gee, C. (2016). Singapore Chronicles: Demography. Singapore: Institute of Policy Studies and Straits Times Press
Yap, M. T., & Gee, C. (2015). Ageing in Singapore: Social issues and policy challenges. In D. Chan (Ed.),  50 years of social issues in Singapore (pp. 3–10). Singapore: World Scientific.
Yap, M. T., & Gee, C. (2015). Singapore’s demographic transition, the labor force and government policies: The last fifty years. The Singapore Economic Review, 60(3) , 1550035.
Gee, C. (2015). Housing and inequality in Singapore. In F. Yahya. (Ed.),  Inequality in Singapore. Singapore: Institute of Policy Studies.
Gee, C., Ryan-Kane, P., Whatley, M., & Rainey, W. (2014). The investment risks in Singapore’s retirement financing system. IPS Working Papers No.24.
Yap, M. T., & Gee, C. K. A. (Eds.). (2014). Population outcomes — Singapore 2050   . IPS Exchange Series No. 1.
Gee, C. (2012). The educational ‘arms race’: All for one, loss for all. IPS Working Papers No.20.

Op-eds/Commentaries

• Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2024, Aug 13). Policies alone cannot undo our zero-sum thinking. IPS Commons.
• Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2024, Mar 9). The corporate tax contribution in sustaining Singapore’s social compact. The Business Times.
• Gee, C. & Yap, J. H. (2024, Feb 23). Budget 2024: Spending billions on ageing well must be followed with close measure of outcomes. The Straits Times.
• Gee, C. (2024, Feb 16). Snap Insight: Budget 2024 CPF measures will improve Singaporeans’ retirement adequacy. Channel NewsAsia.
• Yap, J. H. & Gee, C. (2023, Aug 24). Past, present or future? Deciding who pays for our public goods and services. The Straits Times.
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Gee, C. (2023, Aug 23). Commentary: From Pioneer and Merdeka to ‘young seniors’, Singapore shifts away from generational support packages. Channel NewsAsia.
Soon, C., Tan, R. & Gee, C. (2023, Mar 13). As employment anxieties grow, love your job but always have a Plan B. The Straits Times.
Gee, C. (2023, Feb 14). Snap Insight: Raising CPF monthly salary ceiling will reduce take-home pay for some, but there are payoffs. Channel NewsAsia.

Gee, C. & Yap, J. H.(2023, Feb 13). Raising taxes and cutting expenditure not ideal solutions to greater demands on Government budget. The Straits Times.

Tan, P. L. & Gee, C. (2022, Oct 18). Boost fertility by pooling social resources to nurture talent. The Straits Times.

Gee, C. (2022, Mar 23). BEPS 2.0: Global corporate tax moves a game changer for S'pore?. The Straits Times.

Gee, C. (2022, Feb 23). Commentary: Budget 2022 doubles up on protecting lower-wage workers but that’s only half the story. Channel NewsAsia.

Gee, C. (2021, Sep 1). Commentary: Value placed on low-wage workers is a price Singapore should pay for shared future. Channel NewsAsia.

Jeyaretnam, M. & Gee, C. (2021, Aug 2). Paternity leave: boost it and use it. IPS Commons.

Gee, C. (2021, July 15). Institutions, norms and mindsets need to change for Singapore to age well. TODAY.

Gee, C., & Pawa, K. (2021, April 28). The challenges ahead for Singapore's new Minister for Finance. The Business Times.

Gee, C. (2020, June 26). Bold innovations needed to make Singapore stronger together. IPS Commons.

Gee, C. (2020, April 2). Singapore has substantial kitty to tide it through virus crisis. The Business Times.

Gee, C. (2019, August 14). CPF money: Yours, ours or the Government’s?. TODAY.

Huang, D., & Gee, C. (2019, July 9). The case for restoring CPF contribution rates of older workers. TODAY.

Gee, C., & Huang, D. (2019, March 25). Pegging retirement and re-employment ages to Singaporeans’ healthy life expectancy. TODAY.

Gee, C., & Shih, D. (2019, March 2). Three principles to ensure intergenerational fairness in Budgets. The Straits Times.
Gee, C., & Huang, D. (2019, January 5). Getting the conditions right for older workers. The Straits Times.
Gee, C., (2018, September 9). Why HDB owners should forget about getting a windfall from Vers. TODAY.
Gee, C. (2018, July 23). CareShield Life: What’s fair versus what’s right. TODAY.

Arivalagan, Y., & Gee, C. (2017, June 22). Time banks can forge social change. The Straits Times.

Gee, C. (2017, March 18). The time economy. The Straits Times 
Loh, S. H., & Gee, C. (2015, May 18). Helping foreign domestic workers manage the strain of caregiving. IPS Commons.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2015, February 25). The limits of using household data as a proxy for family. The Straits Times.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2015, February 19). Silver Support bonus should not be too restrictive. The Straits Times.
Gee, C. (2015, February 5). Investment risks: The enemy within. IPS Commons.
Gee, C. (2015, January 19). CPF investments: Too much choice may end badly. The Straits Times.
Gee, C. (2015, January 15). Returns and risk: Two sides of the same coin. IPS Commons.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2014, August 19). Adding a first pillar to old-age income support. The Straits Times.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2014, July 7). Approaches to managing health-care costs in Singapore. The Straits Times.
Gee, C., & Teo, J. Y. (2014, April). Managing the ‘demographic drift’ to a new society. IPS Update.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2013, December). Catching the next wave in Singapore’s population story. IPS Update.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2012, July 31). Singapore’s population conundrum. Asia Pathways.
Gee, C., & Yap, M. T. (2012, May 5). Tackling the population conundrum. The Straits Times.

Courses taught

• RE4803 REIT Management, Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore
• RE5014 Real Estate Funds and REITs, Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore

Committees/Directorships

• Board of Governors, Raffles Girls’ School
  
• Non-Executive Director, Manas Asian Equities Value Fund
• School Council Member, St Joseph’s Institution Junior